监控软件Monit安装与配置

一、Monit简介

Monit是一款功能非常丰富的进程、文件、目录和设备的监测软件,用于Unix平台.它可以自动修复那些已经停止运作的程序,特使适合处理那些由于多种原因导致的软件错误.

二、安装与配置

1、软件包依赖

apache

2、下载

http://mmonit.com/monit/

3、安装

$ tar monit-5.2.3.tar.gz
$ cd monit-5.2.3
$ ./configure   /前面有个点儿
$ make
$ make install

4、配置文件

$ cp /monit-5.2.3/monitrc /etc

5、注册init守护进程

$ vi /etc/inittab

添加下面一行:

mo:2345:respawn:/usr/local/bin/monit -Ic /etc/monirc

6、配置实例

###############################################################
#Global section                                 #全局配置
###############################################################
set daemon 120 with start delay 240             #设置monit为后台进程,没2分钟为一个检查周期,首次启动后4分钟开始第一次检查
###############################################################
set logfile syslog facility log_daemon          #设置系统日志,这是默认设定,可以手动配置指定日志文件
###############################################################
set idfile /var/.monit.id                       #设置monit对象实例,其实这里的对象就是指本机
###############################################################
set statefile /var/.monit.state                 #设置状态报告文件
###############################################################
set mailserver mail.tiigame.com                 #设置邮件服务器,通过它来发送邮件警告
###############################################################
set eventqueue
basedir /var/monit                              #设置事件报告,每个事件对应的文件最大大小为100KB
slots 100
###############################################################
##Monit by default uses the following alert mail format:
##--8<--
##From: monit@$host
##Subject: monit alert --  $EVENT $SERVICE
##$EVENT Service $SERVICE
##Date:        $DATE
##Action:      $ACTION                          #邮件格式,此处忽略
##Host:        $HOST
##Description: $DESCRIPTION
##Your faithful employee,
##Monit
##--8<--
###############################################################
set alert [email protected]                      #设置警告要发往的邮箱
set alert [email protected] only on { timeout }  #当警告发送失败时要发往的另一个邮箱
###############################################################
set httpd port 2812 and use address localhost   #设定http访问端口,只允许本机访问
allow localhost
allow admin:monit                               #本地访问凭证,用户admin,密码monit
allow @monit
allow @users readonly
###############################################################
##Services                                      #服务的定义
###############################################################
check system myhost.mydomain.tld
if loadavg (1min) > 4 then alert
if loadavg (5min) > 2 then alert
if memory usage > 75% then alert                #检查负载
if swap usage > 25% then alert
if cpu usage (user) > 70% then alert
if cpu usage (system) > 30% then alert
if cpu usage (wait) > 20% then alert
###############################################################
check file apache_bin with path /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd
if failed checksum and expect the sum 8f7f419955cefa0b33a2ba316cba3659 then unmonitor
if failed permission 755 then unmonitor
if failed uid root then unmonitor               #apache权限检查
if failed gid root then unmonitor
alert [email protected] on {checksum, permission, uid, gid} with the mail-format { subject: Alarm! }
group server
###############################################################
check process apache with pidfile /usr/local/apache/logs/httpd.pid
start program = "/etc/init.d/httpd start" with timeout 60 seconds
stop program  = "/etc/init.d/httpd stop"
if cpu > 60% for 2 cycles then alert
if cpu > 80% for 5 cycles then restart
if totalmem > 200.0 MB for 5 cycles then restart#检查apache服务器负载
if children > 250 then restart
if loadavg(5min) greater than 10 for 8 cycles then stop
if failed host www.tildeslash.com port 80 protocol http and request "/somefile.html" then restart
if failed port 443 type tcpssl protocol http with timeout 15 seconds then restart
if 3 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout depends on apache_bin
group server
###############################################################
check filesystem datafs with path /dev/sdb1
start program  = "/bin/mount /data"
stop program  = "/bin/umount /data"
if failed permission 660 then unmonitor
if failed uid root then unmonitor               #检查磁盘使用情况
if failed gid disk then unmonitor
if space usage > 80% for 5 times within 15 cycles then alert
if space usage > 99% then stop
if inode usage > 30000 then alert
if inode usage > 99% then stop
group server
###############################################################
check file database with path /data/mydatabase.db
if failed permission 700 then alert
if failed uid 0 then alert
if failed gid 0 then alert                      #数据库
if timestamp > 15 minutes then alert
#if size > 100 MB then exec "/my/cleanup/script" as uid dba and gid dba
###############################################################
check directory bin with path /bin
if failed permission 755 then unmonitor         #检查某个目录,这里是/bin
if failed uid 0 then unmonitor
if failed gid 0 then unmonitor
###############################################################
##以下设置对一台远程主机的监控
###############################################################
#Check a remote host availability by issuing a ping test and check the
# content of a response from a web server. Up to three pings are sent and
#connection to a port and an application level network check is performed.
# check host myserver with address 192.168.1.1
# if failed icmp type echo count 3 with timeout 3 seconds then alert
# if failed port 3306 protocol mysql with timeout 15 seconds then alert
# if failed url http://user:[email protected]:8080/?querystring
# and content == 'action="j_security_check"' then alert
###############################################################
##配置包含文件,这样管理起来可能更方便些,不至于主配置文件代码太多
###############################################################
#Includes
#It is possible to include additional configuration parts from other
#files or directories.
#include /etc/monit.d/*
###############################################################

7、检查配置

$ /usr/local/bin/monit -t

8、开始监控

用一下方式启动Monit:

$ telinit q